09 10 2015 15 of its lane without undertaking wild corrective maneuvers in response to every irregularity Starting tests earlier The advantage of virtual test drives such as HiL lies in the fact that engineers can develop and test the control devices even before a real prototype is available Incidentally this has opened up the rigid V model to some degree and the devel opment process has become more agile Meanwhile tests in virtual environments are not just suited for HiL scenarios The approach can be expanded to the entire V model sequence from establishing models for diverse control devices to their software and hardware all the way to the entire vehicle said Steffen Schmidt managing director of the software firm IPG Automotive The Karlsruhe based software house a spin off of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT has specialized in the development of simulation software for vehicles In this way various approval exercises that normally require testing with a real prototype can be pulled ahead in the time sequence of the V model process Engineers can start their tests long before the completion of a prototype IPG s CarMak er simulation platform starts out simultaneously in several phases of development This makes it possible to test how close the Simulink models are to reality Based on the results engi neers can define the algorithms for the control unit software at the start of the development process The Karlsruhe company calls this model in the loop MiL Speed advantage The next opportunity for simulation is presented as soon as the abstract behavior models are executed in workable software code With software in the loop SiL the control programs for ESP and driver assistance systems are tested on a hardware platform that is not even present and thus is provided by simu lation software If the control device becomes available some what later in the process its functioning is examined closely in the previously mentioned HiL test Virtual tests ranging from MiL to HiL are becoming more and more widespread Continental is using processes of this type as its standard approach said Lothar Rogowski an expert at the Hanover based automotive electronics supplier But the massive computing power available at affordable prices today offers developers options that go much further For example the entire behavior of a car can be simulated in software In this way engineers can run tests on a vehicle to see wheth er its ESP control unit can effectively prevent skidding and if necessary adjust its algorithms In addition all the latest functions from brake disk wipers to vehicle trailer stabiliza tion can be verified comparatively quickly ViL vehicle in the loop is a new instrument in the CarMaker toolkit It in volves testing the vehicle along with its real driver assistance systems But neither the electronics nor the software is virtu al That status is reserved for the vehicle s environment The assistance systems receive their information from a computer platform in the vehicle s trunk instead of its normal sensor systems It contains a highly accurate map of the environment including streets traffic islands and descriptions It also may simulate flowing traffic or vehicles on the roadside that form a gap for a parking space The driver of the test car sees this virtual environment as augmented reality using glasses with a built in display He can thus steer the vehicle through traffic that only exists in the computer Even complex assistance functions such as pe destrian recognition or automatic parking can be checked on a replicable basis If the system is still not absolutely perfect the tester can quickly uncover the defect without risking a fender bender Fewer prototypes More automakers including Daimler Opel and PSA Peugeot Citroën are using virtual methods in varying degrees as part of their effort to validate dynamic vehicle control devices This simulation based homologation not only runs faster than true driving tests In many cases the need to build prototypes is eliminated That s an important way to save costs as building physical prototypes takes time and is expensive In practice many functions are certainly still validated with real driving trials today But as the trend to more or less autonomous driv ing continues it is safe to assume that virtual test drives will increasingly take center stage By Christoph Hammerschmidt Photos FZI Forschungszentrum Informatik IPG Automotive 36 Entwicklung Virtuelle Testfahrt Simulation statt Rempler Tests mit virtuellen Prototypen gelten als erprobtes Mittel die Entwicklungszeit zu verkürzen Das funktioniert auch umgekehrt Nicht die Elektronik wird simuliert sondern die Umgebung des echten Autos automotiveIT 06 07 2015 Virtuelle Testfahrten ermöglichen die verschiedensten Szenarien auch unter Einbeziehung von intelligenten Fahrerassistenzsystemen und deren Wirkung Dank Panoramaprojektionen lassen sich diverse Verkehrssituationen nahezu realistisch nachstellen echte Tests können teilweise entfallen Traffic situations can be simulated realistically with panorama projections That makes some live tests superfluous STORY

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